Bash: How to tokenize a string variable?
bash, linux
Solution
Use the shell's automatic tokenization of unquoted variables:
$ string="john is 17 years old"
$ for word in $string; do echo "$word"; done
john
is
17
years
old
If you want to change the delimiter you can set the `$IFS` variable, which stands for internal field separator. The default value of `$IFS` is `" \t\n"` (space, tab, newline).
$ string="john_is_17_years_old"
$ (IFS='_'; for word in $string; do echo "$word"; done)
john
is
17
years
old
(Note that in this second example I added parentheses around the second line. This creates a sub-shell so that the change to `$IFS` doesn't persist. You generally don't want to permanently change `$IFS` as it can wreak havoc on unsuspecting shell commands.)
Problem
If I have a string variable who's value is `"john is 17 years old"` how do I tokenize this using spaces as the delimeter? Would I use `awk`?