Apply a function to all the elements of a data frame
apply, dataframe, r
Solution
We can use `lapply` and assign it back to 'df'
df[] <- lapply(df, tolower)
The `[]` preserves the same structure as the original dataset. Using `apply` convert it to a `matrix` and that is not recommended.
Problem
I am trying to apply some transformations to all the elements in a dataframe. When using the regular apply functions, I get a matrix back and not a dataframe. Is there a way to get a dataframe directly without adding `as.data.frame` to each line? ``` df = data.frame(a = LETTERS[1:5], b = LETTERS[6:10]) apply(df, 1, tolower) #Matrix apply(df, 2, tolower) #Matrix sapply(df, tolower) #Matrix as.data.frame(sapply(df, tolower)) # Can I avoid "as.data.frame"? ```