int variables being concatenated instead of added inside System.out.println()

java, string

Solution

That's because of operator precedence. Basically, your code is doing the equivalent of:

System.out.println(("Total amount : " + total_amount) + tax_amount);

So when `total_amount` is 100, and `tax_amount` is 20, that ends up being:

System.out.println(("Total amount : " + 100) + 20);

which is evaluated as:

System.out.println("Total amount : 100" + 20);

which is evaluated as:

System.out.println("Total amount : 10020");

Options:

Use parentheses to show how you want the operations to be grouped:

System.out.println("Total amount : " + (total_amount + tax_amount));

Perform the summation first, and store it in a new variable:

int totalIncludingTax = total_amount + tax_amount;
System.out.println("Total amount : " + totalIncludingTax);

As a side note, I'd recommend:

- Following Java naming conventions, using camelCase instead of `underscores_separating_words`, e.g. `taxAmount` instead of `tax_amount`

- Naming variables more carefully - it's odd to have a variable called `total_amount` but then print something different with a label of `Total amount`

- Using a static method here, as you're not actually using the fields in your object. (Those fields are confusing, as you're not using them.)

With code formatting as well, you'd end up with:

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        calculateTotal(100, 20);
    }

    private static void calculateTotal(int preTaxTotal, int tax) {
        int totalIncludingTax = preTaxTotal + tax;
        System.out.println("Total amount: " + totalIncludingTax);
    }
}

(You should also consider what you're going to do for non-integer prices... I'd recommend either using integers, but make that the number of cents/pennies/whatever, or using `BigDeciml` to represent prices.)

Problem

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