Factory Girl Devise user factory is not valid - doesn't pass RSpec test

I'm new to programming and have been learning Ruby on Rails for about 11 weeks. When trying to test my user factory for validation, I get ``` 1) User has a valid factory Failure/Error: expect(@user.valid?).to eq(true) expected: true got: false (compared using ==) ``` I'm using Devise for my user model, and FactoryGirl for my factories. Here is my user factory: ``` FactoryGirl.define do factory :user do name "John Fahey" sequence(:email, 100) { |n| "person#{n}@example.com" } password "password" password_confirmation "password" confirmed_at Time.now end end ``` ...and here is my spec ``` require 'rails_helper' describe User do before do @user = build(:user) end it "has a valid factory" do expect(@user.valid?).to eq(true) end end ``` I've been working on getting this spec to pass for a while now. For a while I was getting the "email already taken" error and I've gotten past that. I even got the spec to pass once, but I was using the now deprecated "should be" syntax. When I go to the correct ":expect" syntax I get this error. Does anyone have an idea of what I'm doing wrong here? Here is my model ``` class User < ActiveRecord::Base #== schema information. # create_table "users", force: true do |t| # t.string "name" # t.string "email", default: "", null: false # t.string "encrypted_password", default: "", null: false # t.string "reset_password_token" # t.datetime "reset_password_sent_at" # t.datetime "remember_created_at" # t.integer "sign_in_count", default: 0, null: false # t.datetime "current_sign_in_at" # t.datetime "last_sign_in_at" # t.string "current_sign_in_ip" # t.string "last_sign_in_ip" # t.string "confirmation_token" # t.datetime "confirmed_at" # t.datetime "confirmation_sent_at" # t.string "unconfirmed_email" # t.datetime "created_at" # t.datetime "updated_at" # end # add_index "users", ["email"], name: "index_users_on_email", unique: true # add_index "users", ["reset_password_token"], name: "index_users_on_reset_password_token", unique: true has_one :list has_many :items, through: :list devise :database_authenticatable, :registerable, :recoverable, :rememberable, :trackable, :validatable, :confirmable end ``` here is what I see when I create a user instance in the rails console and test for errors: ``` 2.0.0-p576 :004 > @user = User.create (0.2ms) begin transaction (0.2ms) rollback transaction => #<User id: nil, name: nil, email: "", encrypted_password: "", reset_password_token: nil, reset_password_sent_at: nil, remember_created_at: nil, sign_in_coun t: 0, current_sign_in_at: nil, last_sign_in_at: nil, current_sign_in_ip: nil, last_sign_in_ip: nil, confirmation_token: nil, confirmed_at: nil, confirmation_sen t_at: nil, unconfirmed_email: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil> 2.0.0-p576 :005 > @user.save (1.0ms) begin transaction (0.1ms) rollback transaction => false 2.0.0-p576 :006 > puts(@user.errors) #<ActiveModel::Errors:0xa7cff88> => nil 2.0.0-p576 :007 > ``` When i print the error messages, I get ``` 2.0.0-p576 :007 > puts(@user.errors.messages) {:email=>["can't be blank"], :password=>["can't be blank"]} => nil ``` here's something interesting. Just to make sure, I did a rake db:migrate, and a rake db:test:prepare. The test passed. Then I did the exact test again, and it failed. ``` vagrant@rails-dev-box:~/code/blocitoff$ rake db:migrate vagrant@rails-dev-box:~/code/blocitoff$ rake db:migrate vagrant@rails-dev-box:~/code/blocitoff$ rake db:test:prepare vagrant@rails-dev-box:~/code/blocitoff$ rspec spec/models/user_spec.rb #<ActiveModel::Errors:0xbdf0740> . Finished in 0.1764 seconds (files took 8.96 seconds to load) 1 example, 0 failures vagrant@rails-dev-box:~/code/blocitoff$ rspec spec/models/user_spec.rb #<ActiveModel::Errors:0xa97066c> F Failures: 1) User has a valid factory Failure/Error: expect(@user.valid?).to eq(true) expected: true got: false (compared using ==) ```