How to get leaf nodes of a tree using Python?

oop, python, tree

Solution

In python you can use an internal function to collect the leaf nodes and then return the list of them.

def get_leaf_nodes(self):
    leafs = []
    def _get_leaf_nodes( node):
        if node is not None:
            if len(node.children) == 0:
                leafs.append(node)
            for n in node.children:
                _get_leaf_nodes(n)
    _get_leaf_nodes(self.root)
    return leafs

If you want a more clean OOP approach you can create an extra private method for the collection of leafs:

def get_leaf_nodes(self):
    leafs = []
    self._collect_leaf_nodes(self.root,leafs)
    return leafs

def _collect_leaf_nodes(self, node, leafs):
    if node is not None:
        if len(node.children) == 0:
            leafs.append(node)
        for n in node.children:
            self._collect_leaf_nodes(n, leafs)

This is the way I'd do it in Java.

Problem

Hi there I am new to OOP so have this in mind while you are reading this. I have a simple Python tree implementation(see below code). ``` class TreeNode(object): def __init__(self, data): self.data = data self.children = [] def add_child(self, obj): self.children.append(obj) class Tree: def __init__(self): self.root = TreeNode('ROOT') def preorder_trav(self, node): if node is not None: print node.data if len(node.children) == 0: print "("+ node.data + ")" for n in node.children: self.preorder_trav(n) if __name__ == '__main__': tr = Tree() n1 = tr.root n2 = TreeNode("B") n3 = TreeNode("C") n4 = TreeNode("D") n5 = TreeNode("E") n6 = TreeNode("F") n1.add_child(n2) n1.add_child(n3) n2.add_child(n4) n2.add_child(n5) n3.add_child(n6) tr.preorder_trav(n1) ``` What I need now is to implement a method for getting Leaf Nodes back. By the term leaf node I mean a node that has no children. I am wondering how to make a get_leaf_nodes() method. Some solutions come to my mind are - Making a `self.leaf_nodes = []` inside the `__init__` method. By making this I know it will be seen only by this tree instance. - Making a class member `leaf_nodes = []` above `__init__` method. By making this I know all tree instances will be able to see leaf_nodes list. The above solutions will cause me to create a leaf_nodes list inside my class so the `get_leaf_nodes()` method could use. What I am looking for is to only have a `get_leaf_nodes()` method that will do the computation on my tree and will return a list. For example in C we would call `malloc()` and then we could return the pointer to the function that called the `get_leaf_nodes()`.

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