How to find the mysql data directory from command line in windows
command-line, database, linux, mysql, windows
Solution
You can issue the following query from the command line:
mysql -uUSER -p -e 'SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_Name LIKE "%dir"'
Output (on Linux):
+---------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------------+----------------------------+
| basedir | /usr |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
| datadir | /var/lib/mysql/ |
| innodb_data_home_dir | |
| innodb_log_group_home_dir | ./ |
| lc_messages_dir | /usr/share/mysql/ |
| plugin_dir | /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/ |
| slave_load_tmpdir | /tmp |
| tmpdir | /tmp |
+---------------------------+----------------------------+
Output (on macOS Sierra):
+---------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| basedir | /usr/local/mysql-5.7.17-macos10.12-x86_64/ |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/local/mysql-5.7.17-macos10.12-x86_64/share/charsets/ |
| datadir | /usr/local/mysql/data/ |
| innodb_data_home_dir | |
| innodb_log_group_home_dir | ./ |
| innodb_tmpdir | |
| lc_messages_dir | /usr/local/mysql-5.7.17-macos10.12-x86_64/share/ |
| plugin_dir | /usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin/ |
| slave_load_tmpdir | /var/folders/zz/zyxvpxvq6csfxvn_n000009800002_/T/ |
| tmpdir | /var/folders/zz/zyxvpxvq6csfxvn_n000009800002_/T/ |
+---------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
Or if you want only the data dir use:
mysql -uUSER -p -e 'SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_Name = "datadir"'
These commands work on Windows too, but you need to invert the single and double quotes.
Btw, when executing `which mysql` in Linux as you told, you'll not get the installation directory on Linux. You'll only get the binary path, which is `/usr/bin` on Linux, but you see the mysql installation is using multiple folders to store files.
If you need the value of datadir as output, and only that, without column headers etc, but you don't have a GNU environment (awk|grep|sed ...) then use the following command line:
mysql -s -N -uUSER -p information_schema -e 'SELECT Variable_Value FROM GLOBAL_VARIABLES WHERE Variable_Name = "datadir"'
The command will select the value only from mysql's internal `information_schema` database and disables the tabular output and column headers.
Output on Linux:
/var/lib/mysql
Problem
In linux I could find the mysql installation directory with the command `which mysql`. But I could not find any in windows. I tried `echo %path%` and it resulted many paths along with path to mysql bin. I wanted to find the mysql data directory from command line in windows for use in batch program. I would also like to find mysql data directory from linux command line. Is it possible? or how can we do that? In my case, the mysql data directory is on the installation folder i.e. `..MYSQL\mysql server 5\data` It might be installed on any drive however. I want to get it returned from the command line.